[U-Boot] [PATCH v4 1/2] armv8: Support loading 32-bit OS in AArch32 execution state

Alexander Graf agraf at suse.de
Wed Jun 15 09:42:50 CEST 2016



> Am 15.06.2016 um 05:04 schrieb Huan Wang <alison.wang at nxp.com>:
> 
> Hi, Alex,
> 
>>> On 06/08/2016 07:14 AM, Alison Wang wrote:
>>> To support loading a 32-bit OS, the execution state will change from
>>> AArch64 to AArch32 when jumping to kernel.
>>> 
>>> The architecture information will be got through checking FIT
>>> image, then U-Boot will load 32-bit OS or 64-bit OS automatically.
>>> 
>>> Signed-off-by: Ebony Zhu <ebony.zhu at nxp.com>
>>> Signed-off-by: Alison Wang <alison.wang at nxp.com>
>>> Signed-off-by: Chenhui Zhao <chenhui.zhao at nxp.com>
>>> ---
>>> Changes in v4:
>>> - Correct config ARM64_SUPPORT_AARCH32.
>>> - Omit arch and ftaddr arguments.
>>> - Rename "xreg5" to "tmp".
>>> - Use xxx_RES1 to combine all RES1 fields in xxx register.
>>> - Use an immediate cmp directly.
>>> - Use #ifdef for CONFIG_ARM64_SUPPORT_AARCH32.
>>> 
>>> Changes in v3:
>>> - Comments the functions and the arguments.
>>> - Rename the real parameters.
>>> - Use the macros instead of the magic values.
>>> - Remove the redundant codes.
>>> - Clean up all of the mess in boot_jump_linux().
>>> - Add CONFIG_ARM64_SUPPORT_AARCH32 to detect for some ARM64 system
>> doesn't support AArch32 state.
>>> 
>>> Changes in v2:
>>> - armv8_switch_to_el2_aarch32() is removed. armv8_switch_to_el2_m is
>> used
>>>   to switch to AArch64 EL2 or AArch32 Hyp.
>>> - armv8_switch_to_el1_aarch32() is removed. armv8_switch_to_el1_m is
>> used
>>>   to switch to AArch64 EL1 or AArch32 SVC.
>>> 
>>>  arch/arm/Kconfig                |   6 ++
>>>  arch/arm/cpu/armv8/start.S      |   1 +
>>>  arch/arm/cpu/armv8/transition.S |   8 +-
>>>  arch/arm/include/asm/macro.h    | 172
>> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
>>>  arch/arm/include/asm/system.h   | 111 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>>>  arch/arm/lib/bootm.c            |  19 ++++-
>>>  common/image-fit.c              |  19 ++++-
>>>  7 files changed, 284 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
>>> 
>>> diff --git a/arch/arm/Kconfig b/arch/arm/Kconfig
>>> index 77eab66..9cf4acd 100644
>>> --- a/arch/arm/Kconfig
>>> +++ b/arch/arm/Kconfig
>>> @@ -91,6 +91,12 @@ config SYS_L2CACHE_OFF
>>>        If SoC does not support L2CACHE or one do not want to enable
>>>        L2CACHE, choose this option.
>>> 
>>> +config ARM64_SUPPORT_AARCH32
>>> +    bool "ARM64 system support AArch32 execution state"
>>> +    default y if ARM64 && !TARGET_THUNDERX_88XX
>>> +    help
>>> +      This ARM64 system supports AArch32 execution state.
>>> +
>>>  choice
>>>      prompt "Target select"
>>>      default TARGET_HIKEY
>>> diff --git a/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/start.S b/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/start.S
>>> index e933021..dd69501 100644
>>> --- a/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/start.S
>>> +++ b/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/start.S
>>> @@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ WEAK(lowlevel_init)
>>>      /*
>>>       * All slaves will enter EL2 and optionally EL1.
>>>       */
>>> +    ldr    x3, =ES_TO_AARCH64
>>>      bl    armv8_switch_to_el2
>>>  #ifdef CONFIG_ARMV8_SWITCH_TO_EL1
>>>      bl    armv8_switch_to_el1
>>> diff --git a/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/transition.S
>> b/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/transition.S
>>> index 253a39b..e61b6ae 100644
>>> --- a/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/transition.S
>>> +++ b/arch/arm/cpu/armv8/transition.S
>>> @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@
>>>  #include <asm/macro.h>
>>> 
>>>  ENTRY(armv8_switch_to_el2)
>>> -    switch_el x0, 1f, 0f, 0f
>>> +    switch_el x4, 1f, 0f, 0f
>>>  0:    ret
>>> -1:    armv8_switch_to_el2_m x0
>>> +1:    armv8_switch_to_el2_m x0, x3, x4
>>>  ENDPROC(armv8_switch_to_el2)
>>> 
>>>  ENTRY(armv8_switch_to_el1)
>>> -    switch_el x0, 0f, 1f, 0f
>>> +    switch_el x4, 0f, 1f, 0f
>>>  0:    ret
>>> -1:    armv8_switch_to_el1_m x0, x1
>>> +1:    armv8_switch_to_el1_m x0, x3, x4
>>>  ENDPROC(armv8_switch_to_el1)
>>> diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/macro.h
>> b/arch/arm/include/asm/macro.h
>>> index 9bb0efa..109724f 100644
>>> --- a/arch/arm/include/asm/macro.h
>>> +++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/macro.h
>>> @@ -8,6 +8,9 @@
>>> 
>>>  #ifndef __ASM_ARM_MACRO_H__
>>>  #define __ASM_ARM_MACRO_H__
>>> +
>>> +#include <asm/system.h>
>>> +
>>>  #ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
>>> 
>>>  /*
>>> @@ -135,13 +138,20 @@ lr    .req    x30
>>>  #endif
>>>  .endm
>>> 
>>> -.macro armv8_switch_to_el2_m, xreg1
>>> -    /* 64bit EL2 | HCE | SMD | RES1 (Bits[5:4]) | Non-secure EL0/EL1
>> */
>>> -    mov    \xreg1, #0x5b1
>>> -    msr    scr_el3, \xreg1
>>> +/*
>>> + * Switch from EL3 to EL2 for ARMv8
>>> + * @ep:     kernel entry point
>>> + * @flag:   The execution state flag for lower exception
>>> + *          level, ES_TO_AARCH64 or ES_TO_AARCH32
>>> + * @tmp:    temporary register
>>> + *
>>> + * x1 is machine nr and x2 is ftaddr, they will be passed
>>> + * to the guest.
>>> + */
>>> +.macro armv8_switch_to_el2_m, ep, flag, tmp
>>>      msr    cptr_el3, xzr        /* Disable coprocessor traps to EL3
>> */
>>> -    mov    \xreg1, #0x33ff
>>> -    msr    cptr_el2, \xreg1    /* Disable coprocessor traps to EL2 */
>>> +    mov    \tmp, #CPTR_EL2_RES1
>>> +    msr    cptr_el2, \tmp        /* Disable coprocessor traps to EL2
>> */
>>> 
>>>      /* Initialize Generic Timers */
>>>      msr    cntvoff_el2, xzr
>>> @@ -152,45 +162,91 @@ lr    .req    x30
>>>       * and RES0 bits (31,30,27,26,24,21,20,17,15-13,10-6) +
>>>       * EE,WXN,I,SA,C,A,M to 0
>>>       */
>>> -    mov    \xreg1, #0x0830
>>> -    movk    \xreg1, #0x30C5, lsl #16
>>> -    msr    sctlr_el2, \xreg1
>>> +    ldr    \tmp, =(SCTLR_EL2_RES1 | SCTLR_EL2_EE_LE |\
>>> +            SCTLR_EL2_WXN_DIS | SCTLR_EL2_ICACHE_DIS |\
>>> +            SCTLR_EL2_SA_DIS | SCTLR_EL2_DCACHE_DIS |\
>>> +            SCTLR_EL2_ALIGN_DIS | SCTLR_EL2_MMU_DIS)
>>> +    msr    sctlr_el2, \tmp
>>> +
>>> +    mov    \tmp, sp
>>> +    msr    sp_el2, \tmp        /* Migrate SP */
>>> +    mrs    \tmp, vbar_el3
>>> +    msr    vbar_el2, \tmp        /* Migrate VBAR */
>>> +
>>> +    /* Check switch to AArch64 EL2 or AArch32 Hypervisor mode */
>>> +    cmp    \flag, #ES_TO_AARCH32
>>> +    b.eq    1f
>>> +
>>> +    /*
>>> +     * The next lower exception level is AArch64, 64bit EL2 | HCE |
>>> +     * SMD | RES1 (Bits[5:4]) | Non-secure EL0/EL1.
>>> +     */
>>> +    ldr    \tmp, =(SCR_EL3_RW_AARCH64 | SCR_EL3_HCE_EN |\
>>> +            SCR_EL3_SMD_DIS | SCR_EL3_RES1 |\
>>> +            SCR_EL3_NS_EN)
>>> +    msr    scr_el3, \tmp
>>> 
>>>      /* Return to the EL2_SP2 mode from EL3 */
>>> -    mov    \xreg1, sp
>>> -    msr    sp_el2, \xreg1        /* Migrate SP */
>>> -    mrs    \xreg1, vbar_el3
>>> -    msr    vbar_el2, \xreg1    /* Migrate VBAR */
>>> -    mov    \xreg1, #0x3c9
>>> -    msr    spsr_el3, \xreg1    /* EL2_SP2 | D | A | I | F */
>>> +    ldr    \tmp, =(SPSR_EL_DEBUG_MASK | SPSR_EL_SERR_MASK |\
>>> +            SPSR_EL_IRQ_MASK | SPSR_EL_FIQ_MASK |\
>>> +            SPSR_EL_M_AARCH64 | SPSR_EL_M_EL2H)
>>> +    msr    spsr_el3, \tmp
>>>      msr    elr_el3, lr
>> 
>> So if we switch into AArch64 mode, we return ...
>> 
>>>      eret
>>> +
>>> +1:
>>> +    /*
>>> +     * The next lower exception level is AArch32, 32bit EL2 | HCE |
>>> +     * SMD | RES1 (Bits[5:4]) | Non-secure EL0/EL1.
>>> +     */
>>> +    ldr    \tmp, =(SCR_EL3_RW_AARCH32 | SCR_EL3_HCE_EN |\
>>> +            SCR_EL3_SMD_DIS | SCR_EL3_RES1 |\
>>> +            SCR_EL3_NS_EN)
>>> +    msr    scr_el3, \tmp
>>> +
>>> +    /* Return to AArch32 Hypervisor mode */
>>> +    ldr     \tmp, =(SPSR_EL_END_LE | SPSR_EL_ASYN_MASK |\
>>> +            SPSR_EL_IRQ_MASK | SPSR_EL_FIQ_MASK |\
>>> +            SPSR_EL_T_A32 | SPSR_EL_M_AARCH32 |\
>>> +            SPSR_EL_M_HYP)
>>> +    msr    spsr_el3, \tmp
>>> +    msr     elr_el3, \ep
>>> +
>>> +    mov    \ep, #0
>> 
>> ... while if we switch to AArch32 mode we jump to ep.
>> 
>> I think it would make a lot of sense if we could *always* jump to ep.
>> Just swizzle the argument order so that you get
>> 
>>                if ((IH_ARCH_DEFAULT == IH_ARCH_ARM64) &&
>>                    (images->os.arch == IH_ARCH_ARM))
>>                        armv8_switch_to_el2(0, gd->bd->bi_arch_number,
>> (uintptr_t)images->ft_addr, (u64)images->ep, ES_TO_AARCH32);
>>                else
>> armv8_switch_to_el2((uintptr_t)images->ft_addr, 0 0, images->ep,
>> ES_TO_AARCH64);
> [Alison Wang] I don't agree it would make a lot of sense if we could *always*
> jump to ep.
> If we switch to EL2 AArch32 mode, it will happen at the last minute from U-Boot
> to kernel. The ep is the entry pointer for kernel. 
> If we switch to EL2 AArch64 mode, it will happen earlier. For primary core, it will
> call kernel entry after the switch. For secondary cores, it will switch from EL3 AArch64
> to EL2 AArch64 first, then it will wait until the spin-table is written by the kernel,
> later it will jump to kernel.

Then jump to a separate function that continues the execution stream. I really think we should keep the interface between both flags as identical as possible.

>> 
>> If you *really really really* are attached to booting into EL1, just add
>> a small function that calls armv8_switch_to_el1() for you and pass the
>> pointer to that as ep to the el2 switch. If I were you I'd just remove
>> the EL1 mess.
> [Alison Wang] I agreed with you to remove the EL1 mess.

Awesome, thanks.

Alex

> 
> 
> Best Regards,
> Alison Wang



More information about the U-Boot mailing list