[U-Boot] [PATCH v7 09/12] cmd: mtd: add 'mtd' command

Miquel Raynal miquel.raynal at bootlin.com
Thu Sep 6 07:08:51 UTC 2018


There should not be a 'nand' command, a 'sf' command and certainly not
a new 'spi-nand' command. Write a 'mtd' command instead to manage all
MTD devices/partitions at once. This should be the preferred way to
access any MTD device.

Signed-off-by: Miquel Raynal <miquel.raynal at bootlin.com>
Acked-by: Jagan Teki <jagan at openedev.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Roese <sr at denx.de>
---
 cmd/Kconfig          |  10 +-
 cmd/Makefile         |   1 +
 cmd/mtd.c            | 521 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 drivers/mtd/Makefile |   2 +-
 include/mtd.h        |   1 +
 5 files changed, 532 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 cmd/mtd.c

diff --git a/cmd/Kconfig b/cmd/Kconfig
index f97d3df328..b5bd978f6d 100644
--- a/cmd/Kconfig
+++ b/cmd/Kconfig
@@ -854,6 +854,12 @@ config CMD_MMC_SWRITE
 	  Enable support for the "mmc swrite" command to write Android sparse
 	  images to eMMC.
 
+config CMD_MTD
+	bool "mtd"
+	select MTD_PARTITIONS
+	help
+	  MTD commands support.
+
 config CMD_NAND
 	bool "nand"
 	default y if NAND_SUNXI
@@ -1678,14 +1684,14 @@ config CMD_MTDPARTS
 
 config MTDIDS_DEFAULT
 	string "Default MTD IDs"
-	depends on CMD_MTDPARTS || CMD_NAND || CMD_FLASH
+	depends on CMD_MTD || CMD_MTDPARTS || CMD_NAND || CMD_FLASH
 	help
 	  Defines a default MTD IDs list for use with MTD partitions in the
 	  Linux MTD command line partitions format.
 
 config MTDPARTS_DEFAULT
 	string "Default MTD partition scheme"
-	depends on CMD_MTDPARTS || CMD_NAND || CMD_FLASH
+	depends on CMD_MTD || CMD_MTDPARTS || CMD_NAND || CMD_FLASH
 	help
 	  Defines a default MTD partitioning scheme in the Linux MTD command
 	  line partitions format
diff --git a/cmd/Makefile b/cmd/Makefile
index 414187f073..8107cb0aa8 100644
--- a/cmd/Makefile
+++ b/cmd/Makefile
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_MISC) += misc.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_MMC) += mmc.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_MMC_SPI) += mmc_spi.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_MP) += mp.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_MTD) += mtd.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_MTDPARTS) += mtdparts.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_NAND) += nand.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_NET) += net.o
diff --git a/cmd/mtd.c b/cmd/mtd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d771c5d223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/mtd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier:  GPL-2.0+
+/*
+ * mtd.c
+ *
+ * Generic command to handle basic operations on any memory device.
+ *
+ * Copyright: Bootlin, 2018
+ * Author: Miquèl Raynal <miquel.raynal at bootlin.com>
+ */
+
+#include <command.h>
+#include <common.h>
+#include <console.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <mapmem.h>
+#include <mtd.h>
+#include <dm/device.h>
+#include <dm/uclass-internal.h>
+
+#define MTD_NAME_MAX_LEN 20
+
+static char *old_mtdparts;
+static char *old_mtdids;
+
+static void mtd_dump_buf(u8 *buf, uint len, uint offset)
+{
+	int i, j;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; ) {
+		printf("0x%08x:\t", offset + i);
+		for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
+			printf("%02x ", buf[i + j]);
+		printf(" ");
+		i += 8;
+		for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
+			printf("%02x ", buf[i + j]);
+		printf("\n");
+		i += 8;
+	}
+}
+
+static void mtd_show_parts(struct mtd_info *mtd, int level)
+{
+	struct mtd_info *part;
+	int i;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(part, &mtd->partitions, node) {
+		for (i = 0; i < level; i++)
+			printf("\t");
+		printf("  - 0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n",
+		       part->offset, part->offset + part->size, part->name);
+
+		mtd_show_parts(part, level + 1);
+	}
+}
+
+static void mtd_show_device(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	/* Device */
+	printf("* %s\n", mtd->name);
+	if (mtd->dev) {
+		printf("  - device: %s\n", mtd->dev->name);
+		printf("  - parent: %s\n", mtd->dev->parent->name);
+		printf("  - driver: %s\n", mtd->dev->driver->name);
+	}
+
+	/* MTD device information */
+	printf("  - type: ");
+	switch (mtd->type) {
+	case MTD_RAM:
+		printf("RAM\n");
+		break;
+	case MTD_ROM:
+		printf("ROM\n");
+		break;
+	case MTD_NORFLASH:
+		printf("NOR flash\n");
+		break;
+	case MTD_NANDFLASH:
+		printf("NAND flash\n");
+		break;
+	case MTD_DATAFLASH:
+		printf("Data flash\n");
+		break;
+	case MTD_UBIVOLUME:
+		printf("UBI volume\n");
+		break;
+	case MTD_MLCNANDFLASH:
+		printf("MLC NAND flash\n");
+		break;
+	case MTD_ABSENT:
+	default:
+		printf("Unknown\n");
+		break;
+	}
+
+	printf("  - block size: 0x%x bytes\n", mtd->erasesize);
+	printf("  - min I/O: 0x%x bytes\n", mtd->writesize);
+
+	if (mtd->oobsize) {
+		printf("  - OOB size: %u bytes\n", mtd->oobsize);
+		printf("  - OOB available: %u bytes\n", mtd->oobavail);
+	}
+
+	if (mtd->ecc_strength) {
+		printf("  - ECC strength: %u bits\n", mtd->ecc_strength);
+		printf("  - ECC step size: %u bytes\n", mtd->ecc_step_size);
+		printf("  - bitflip threshold: %u bits\n",
+		       mtd->bitflip_threshold);
+	}
+
+	printf("  - 0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n",
+	       mtd->offset, mtd->offset + mtd->size, mtd->name);
+
+	/* MTD partitions, if any */
+	mtd_show_parts(mtd, 1);
+}
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD)
+static void mtd_probe_uclass_mtd_devs(void)
+{
+	struct udevice *dev;
+	int idx = 0;
+
+	/* Probe devices with DM compliant drivers */
+	while (!uclass_find_device(UCLASS_MTD, idx, &dev) && dev) {
+		mtd_probe(dev);
+		idx++;
+	}
+}
+#else
+static void mtd_probe_uclass_mtd_devs(void) { }
+#endif
+
+int mtd_probe_devices(void)
+{
+	const char *mtdparts = env_get("mtdparts");
+	const char *mtdids = env_get("mtdids");
+	bool remaining_partitions = true;
+	struct mtd_info *mtd;
+	int i;
+
+	mtd_probe_uclass_mtd_devs();
+
+	/* Check if mtdparts/mtdids changed since last call, otherwise: exit */
+	if (!strcmp(mtdparts, old_mtdparts) && !strcmp(mtdids, old_mtdids))
+		return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
+
+	/* Update the local copy of mtdparts */
+	free(old_mtdparts);
+	free(old_mtdids);
+	old_mtdparts = strdup(mtdparts);
+	old_mtdids = strdup(mtdids);
+
+	/* If at least one partition is still in use, do not delete anything */
+	mtd_for_each_device(mtd) {
+		if (mtd->usecount) {
+			printf("Partition \"%s\" already in use, aborting\n",
+			       mtd->name);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Everything looks clear, remove all partitions. It is not safe to
+	 * remove entries from the mtd_for_each_device loop as it uses idr
+	 * indexes and the partitions removal is done in bulk (all partitions of
+	 * one device at the same time), so break and iterate from start each
+	 * time a new partition is found and deleted.
+	 */
+	while (remaining_partitions) {
+		remaining_partitions = false;
+		mtd_for_each_device(mtd) {
+			if (!mtd_is_partition(mtd) && mtd_has_partitions(mtd)) {
+				del_mtd_partitions(mtd);
+				remaining_partitions = true;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Start the parsing by ignoring the extra 'mtdparts=' prefix, if any */
+	if (strstr(mtdparts, "mtdparts="))
+		mtdparts += 9;
+
+	/* For each MTD device in mtdparts */
+	while (mtdparts[0] != '\0') {
+		char mtd_name[MTD_NAME_MAX_LEN], *colon;
+		struct mtd_partition *parts;
+		int mtd_name_len, len;
+		int ret;
+
+		colon = strchr(mtdparts, ':');
+		if (!colon) {
+			printf("Wrong mtdparts: %s\n", mtdparts);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+		mtd_name_len = colon - mtdparts;
+		strncpy(mtd_name, mtdparts, mtd_name_len);
+		mtd_name[mtd_name_len] = '\0';
+		/* Move the pointer forward (including the ':') */
+		mtdparts += mtd_name_len + 1;
+		mtd = get_mtd_device_nm(mtd_name);
+		if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mtd)) {
+			char linux_name[MTD_NAME_MAX_LEN];
+
+			/*
+			 * The MTD device named "mtd_name" does not exist. Try
+			 * to find a correspondance with an MTD device having
+			 * the same type and number as defined in the mtdids.
+			 */
+			debug("No device named %s\n", mtd_name);
+			ret = mtd_search_alternate_name(mtd_name, linux_name,
+							MTD_NAME_MAX_LEN);
+			if (!ret)
+				mtd = get_mtd_device_nm(linux_name);
+
+			/*
+			 * If no device could be found, move the mtdparts
+			 * pointer forward until the next set of partitions.
+			 */
+			if (ret || IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mtd)) {
+				printf("Could not find a valid device for %s\n",
+				       mtd_name);
+				mtdparts = strchr(mtdparts, ';');
+				if (mtdparts)
+					mtdparts++;
+
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		put_mtd_device(mtd);
+
+		/*
+		 * Parse the MTD device partitions. It will update the mtdparts
+		 * pointer, create an array of parts (that must be freed), and
+		 * return the number of partition structures in the array.
+		 */
+		ret = mtd_parse_partitions(mtd, &mtdparts, &parts, &len);
+		if (ret) {
+			printf("Could not parse device %s\n", mtd->name);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+		if (!len)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Create the new MTD partitions and free the structures
+		 * allocated during the parsing.
+		 */
+		add_mtd_partitions(mtd, parts, len);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			free((char *)parts[i].name);
+		free(parts);
+	}
+
+	return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static uint mtd_len_to_pages(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 len)
+{
+	do_div(len, mtd->writesize);
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+static bool mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 size)
+{
+	return do_div(size, mtd->writesize);
+}
+
+static bool mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 size)
+{
+	return do_div(size, mtd->erasesize);
+}
+
+static int do_mtd_list(void)
+{
+	struct mtd_info *mtd;
+	int dev_nb = 0;
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD)
+	/* Ensure all devices (and their partitions) are probed */
+	mtd_probe_devices();
+#endif
+
+	printf("List of MTD devices:\n");
+	mtd_for_each_device(mtd) {
+		if (!mtd_is_partition(mtd))
+			mtd_show_device(mtd);
+
+		dev_nb++;
+	}
+
+	if (!dev_nb) {
+		printf("No MTD device found\n");
+		return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int do_mtd(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
+{
+	struct mtd_info *mtd;
+	const char *cmd;
+	char *mtd_name;
+	int ret;
+
+	/* All MTD commands need at least two arguments */
+	if (argc < 2)
+		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+
+	/* Parse the command name and its optional suffixes */
+	cmd = argv[1];
+
+	/* List the MTD devices if that is what the user wants */
+	if (strcmp(cmd, "list") == 0)
+		return do_mtd_list();
+
+	/*
+	 * The remaining commands require also at least a device ID.
+	 * Check the selected device is valid. Ensure it is probed.
+	 */
+	if (argc < 3)
+		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+
+	mtd_name = argv[2];
+	mtd_probe_devices();
+	mtd = get_mtd_device_nm(mtd_name);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mtd)) {
+		printf("MTD device %s not found, ret %ld\n",
+		       mtd_name, PTR_ERR(mtd));
+		return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+	}
+	put_mtd_device(mtd);
+
+	argc -= 3;
+	argv += 3;
+
+	/* Do the parsing */
+	if (!strncmp(cmd, "read", 4) || !strncmp(cmd, "dump", 4) ||
+	    !strncmp(cmd, "write", 5)) {
+		struct mtd_oob_ops io_op = {};
+		bool dump, read, raw, woob;
+		uint user_addr = 0;
+		uint nb_pages;
+		u8 *buf;
+		u64 off, len, default_len;
+		u32 oob_len;
+
+		dump = !strncmp(cmd, "dump", 4);
+		read = dump || !strncmp(cmd, "read", 4);
+		raw = strstr(cmd, ".raw");
+		woob = strstr(cmd, ".oob");
+
+		if (!dump) {
+			if (!argc)
+				return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+
+			user_addr = simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16);
+			argc--;
+			argv++;
+		}
+
+		default_len = dump ? mtd->writesize : mtd->size;
+		off = argc > 0 ? simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16) : 0;
+		len = argc > 1 ? simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16) :
+				 default_len;
+		nb_pages = mtd_len_to_pages(mtd, len);
+		oob_len = woob ? nb_pages * mtd->oobsize : 0;
+
+		if (mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(mtd, off)) {
+			printf("Offset not aligned with a page (0x%x)\n",
+			       mtd->writesize);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+		if (mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(mtd, len)) {
+			printf("Size not a multiple of a page (0x%x)\n",
+			       mtd->writesize);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+		if (dump)
+			buf = kmalloc(len + oob_len, GFP_KERNEL);
+		else
+			buf = map_sysmem(user_addr, 0);
+
+		if (!buf) {
+			printf("Could not map/allocate the user buffer\n");
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+		printf("%s %lldB (%d page(s)) at offset 0x%08llx%s%s\n",
+		       read ? "Reading" : "Writing", len, nb_pages, off,
+		       raw ? " [raw]" : "", woob ? " [oob]" : "");
+
+		io_op.mode = raw ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_AUTO_OOB;
+		io_op.len = len;
+		io_op.ooblen = oob_len;
+		io_op.datbuf = buf;
+		io_op.oobbuf = woob ? &buf[len] : NULL;
+
+		if (read)
+			ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, off, &io_op);
+		else
+			ret = mtd_write_oob(mtd, off, &io_op);
+
+		if (!ret && dump) {
+			uint page;
+
+			for (page = 0; page < nb_pages; page++) {
+				u64 data_off = page * mtd->writesize;
+
+				printf("\nDump %d data bytes from 0x%08llx:\n",
+				       mtd->writesize, data_off);
+				mtd_dump_buf(buf, mtd->writesize, data_off);
+
+				if (woob) {
+					u64 oob_off = page * mtd->oobsize;
+
+					printf("Dump %d OOB bytes from page at 0x%08llx:\n",
+					       mtd->oobsize, data_off);
+					mtd_dump_buf(&buf[len + oob_off],
+						     mtd->oobsize, 0);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (dump)
+			kfree(buf);
+		else
+			unmap_sysmem(buf);
+
+		if (ret) {
+			printf("%s on %s failed with error %d\n",
+			       read ? "Read" : "Write", mtd->name, ret);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+	} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "erase")) {
+		bool scrub = strstr(cmd, ".dontskipbad");
+		struct erase_info erase_op = {};
+		u64 off, len;
+
+		off = argc > 0 ? simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16) : 0;
+		len = argc > 1 ? simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16) : mtd->size;
+
+		if (mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, off)) {
+			printf("Offset not aligned with a block (0x%x)\n",
+			       mtd->erasesize);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+		if (mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, len)) {
+			printf("Size not a multiple of a block (0x%x)\n",
+			       mtd->erasesize);
+			return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+		}
+
+		printf("Erasing 0x%08llx ... 0x%08llx (%d eraseblock(s))\n",
+		       off, off + len - 1, mtd_div_by_eb(len, mtd));
+
+		erase_op.mtd = mtd;
+		erase_op.addr = off;
+		erase_op.len = len;
+		erase_op.scrub = scrub;
+
+		while (erase_op.len) {
+			ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase_op);
+
+			/* Abort if its not an bad block error */
+			if (ret != -EIO)
+				break;
+
+			printf("Skipping bad block at 0x%08llx\n",
+			       erase_op.fail_addr);
+
+			/* Skip bad block and continue behind it */
+			erase_op.len -= erase_op.fail_addr - erase_op.addr;
+			erase_op.len -= mtd->erasesize;
+			erase_op.addr = erase_op.fail_addr + mtd->erasesize;
+		}
+	} else {
+		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+	}
+
+	if (ret)
+		return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+
+	return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static char mtd_help_text[] =
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP
+	"- generic operations on memory technology devices\n\n"
+	"mtd list\n"
+	"mtd read[.raw][.oob]    <name> <addr> [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+	"mtd dump[.raw][.oob]    <name>        [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+	"mtd write[.raw][.oob]   <name> <addr> [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+	"mtd erase[.dontskipbad] <name>        [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+	"\n"
+	"With:\n"
+	"\t<name>: NAND partition/chip name\n"
+	"\t<addr>: user address from/to which data will be retrieved/stored\n"
+	"\t<off>: offset in <name> in bytes (default: start of the part)\n"
+	"\t\t* must be block-aligned for erase\n"
+	"\t\t* must be page-aligned otherwise\n"
+	"\t<size>: length of the operation in bytes (default: the entire device)\n"
+	"\t\t* must be a multiple of a block for erase\n"
+	"\t\t* must be a multiple of a page otherwise (special case: default is a page with dump)\n"
+#endif
+	"";
+
+U_BOOT_CMD(mtd, 10, 1, do_mtd, "MTD utils", mtd_help_text);
diff --git a/drivers/mtd/Makefile b/drivers/mtd/Makefile
index cdf515256a..22ceda93c0 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/mtd/Makefile
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # (C) Copyright 2000-2007
 # Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd at denx.de.
 
-ifneq (,$(findstring y,$(CONFIG_MTD_DEVICE)$(CONFIG_CMD_NAND)$(CONFIG_CMD_ONENAND)$(CONFIG_CMD_SF)))
+ifneq (,$(findstring y,$(CONFIG_MTD_DEVICE)$(CONFIG_CMD_NAND)$(CONFIG_CMD_ONENAND)$(CONFIG_CMD_SF)$(CONFIG_CMD_MTD)))
 obj-y += mtdcore.o mtd_uboot.o
 endif
 obj-$(CONFIG_MTD) += mtd-uclass.o
diff --git a/include/mtd.h b/include/mtd.h
index 6e6da3002f..04b1c50ac7 100644
--- a/include/mtd.h
+++ b/include/mtd.h
@@ -20,5 +20,6 @@ static inline struct mtd_info *mtd_get_info(struct udevice *dev)
 }
 
 int mtd_probe(struct udevice *dev);
+int mtd_probe_devices(void);
 
 #endif	/* _MTD_H_ */
-- 
2.17.1



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