[U-Boot] Where I'm going with x86 board.c

Simon Glass sjg at chromium.org
Thu Dec 22 07:44:47 CET 2011


Hi Graeme,

On Tue, Dec 20, 2011 at 4:06 AM, Graeme Russ <graeme.russ at gmail.com> wrote:
> With Simon's work on generic relocation support, I thought I would throw in
> what I am planning for arch/x86/lib/board.c
>
> Now this is not a patch, it is a work-in-progress complete version of the
> file (compiles, will test soon) - If feedback is positive, I'll add this to
> an upcoming patch set

Looks good to me+++

>
> Notice the amount of wrapping around void functions - If all other arch's
> follow this lead, most of this wrapping can be removed by changing the
> function signatures.
>
> Lines 428 - 585 are effectively the generic init sequence - The rest is
> wrappers, init sequence arrays, or fluff that should be moved
>
> I noticed something along the way - gd is no longer special... let me
> explain...
>
> Some arch's use a dedicated register for the gd pointer - This allows the
> pointer to be written to prior to relocation. For x86, the gd pointer is
> simply passed around as a function parameter early - If the init_sequence_f
> functions accepted a gd pointer as a parameter, there would be no need for
> it to be global prior to relocation and therefore no need to allocate a
> permanent register for it - Of course do_init_loop() would no longer be
> generic for both pre and post relocation. This does mess with the
> stand-alone API, but as discussed before, stand alone applications should
> not be accessing gd anyway, so there should be no API to break ;)

Actually as it happens I did a bit of an experiment with this some
weeks ago and my original board stuff had gd as a parameter for the
pre-reloc functions (some with stubs to other ones like
console_init_f()). On ARM it really doesn't make a lot of sense to use
a global variable instead of a parameter. I decided that it was a bit
much to bite off in one go :-) Partly that was because IMO gd really
only makes sense prior to relocation - for the post-relocation init
calls they don't have a lot of need for gd.

So it has my vote. Once I get somewhere on the reboard series I will
post my common/board.c. As I may have mentioned I have elected so far
to leave the initcall list and local functions in
arch/xxx/lib/board.c.

Would be good to get all this moving.

Regards,
Simon

>
> And on that note, the following comment is well and truly wrong:
>
>  * The requirements for any new initalization function is simple: it
>  * receives a pointer to the "global data" structure as it's only
>  * argument, and returns an integer return code, where 0 means
>  * "continue" and != 0 means "fatal error, hang the system".
>
> And finally, here 'tis:
>
> /*
>  * (C) Copyright 2008-2011
>  * Graeme Russ, <graeme.russ at gmail.com>
>  *
>  * (C) Copyright 2002
>  * Daniel Engström, Omicron Ceti AB, <daniel at omicron.se>
>  *
>  * (C) Copyright 2002
>  * Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, <wd at denx.de>
>  *
>  * (C) Copyright 2002
>  * Sysgo Real-Time Solutions, GmbH <www.elinos.com>
>  * Marius Groeger <mgroeger at sysgo.de>
>  *
>  * See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
>  * project.
>  *
>  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
>  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
>  * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
>  * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
>  *
>  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
>  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
>  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
>  * GNU General Public License for more details.
>  *
>  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
>  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
>  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
>  * MA 02111-1307 USA
>  */
>
> #include <common.h>
> #include <watchdog.h>
> #include <command.h>
> #include <stdio_dev.h>
> #include <version.h>
> #include <malloc.h>
> #include <net.h>
> #include <ide.h>
> #include <serial.h>
> #include <asm/u-boot-x86.h>
> #include <elf.h>
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_BITBANGMII
> #include <miiphy.h>
> #endif
>
> /*
>  * Pointer to initial global data area
>  *
>  * Here we initialize it.
>  */
> #undef  XTRN_DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR
> #define XTRN_DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR    /* empty = allocate here */
> DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR = (gd_t *) (CONFIG_SYS_INIT_GD_ADDR);
>
> /************************************************************************
>  * Init Utilities                                                       *
>  ************************************************************************
>  * Some of this code should be moved into the core functions,
>  * or dropped completely,
>  * but let's get it working (again) first...
>  */
> static int init_baudrate(void)
> {
>        gd->baudrate = getenv_ulong("baudrate", 10, CONFIG_BAUDRATE);
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int display_banner(void)
> {
>
>        printf("\n\n%s\n\n", version_string);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int display_dram_config(void)
> {
>        int i;
>
>        puts("DRAM Configuration:\n");
>
>        for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_NR_DRAM_BANKS; i++) {
>                printf("Bank #%d: %08lx ", i, gd->bd->bi_dram[i].start);
>                print_size(gd->bd->bi_dram[i].size, "\n");
>        }
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> #ifndef CONFIG_SYS_NO_FLASH
> static void display_flash_config(ulong size)
> {
>        puts("Flash: ");
>        print_size(size, "\n");
> }
> #endif
>
> /*
>  * Breath some life into the board...
>  *
>  * Initialize an SMC for serial comms, and carry out some hardware
>  * tests.
>  *
>  * The first part of initialization is running from Flash memory;
>  * its main purpose is to initialize the RAM so that we
>  * can relocate the monitor code to RAM.
>  */
>
> /*
>  * All attempts to come up with a "common" initialization sequence
>  * that works for all boards and architectures failed: some of the
>  * requirements are just _too_ different. To get rid of the resulting
>  * mess of board dependend #ifdef'ed code we now make the whole
>  * initialization sequence configurable to the user.
>  *
>  * The requirements for any new initalization function is simple: it
>  * receives a pointer to the "global data" structure as it's only
>  * argument, and returns an integer return code, where 0 means
>  * "continue" and != 0 means "fatal error, hang the system".
>  */
> typedef int (init_fnc_t) (void);
>
> static int calculate_relocation_address(gd_t *);
> static int copy_uboot_to_ram(gd_t *);
> static int clear_bss(gd_t *);
> static int do_elf_reloc_fixups(gd_t *);
>
> init_fnc_t *init_sequence_f[] = {
>        cpu_init_f,
>        board_early_init_f,
>        env_init,
>        init_baudrate,
>        serial_init,
>        console_init_f,
>        dram_init_f,
>
>        NULL,
> };
>
> gd_t *gd;
> bd_t bd_data;
>
> static int init_bd_struct_r(void)
> {
>        gd->bd = &bd_data;
>        memset(gd->bd, 0, sizeof(bd_t));
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int mem_malloc_init_r(void)
> {
>        mem_malloc_init(((gd->relocaddr - CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN)+3)&~3,
>                        CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int set_default_baudrate_r(void)
> {
>        gd->baudrate = CONFIG_BAUDRATE;
>        return 0;
> }
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_MULTI
> static int serial_initialize_r(void)
> {
>        serial_initialize();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #ifndef CONFIG_SYS_NO_FLASH
> static int flash_init_r(void)
> {
>        ulong size;
>
>        /* configure available FLASH banks */
>        size = flash_init();
>        display_flash_config(size);
>        show_boot_progress(0x24);
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> static int env_relocate_r(void)
> {
>        /* initialize environment */
>        env_relocate();
>        show_boot_progress(0x26);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NET
> static int init_ip_address_r(void)
> {
>        /* IP Address */
>        bd_data.bi_ip_addr = getenv_IPaddr("ipaddr");
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
> static int pci_init_r(void)
> {
>        /*
>         * Do pci configuration
>         */
>        pci_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> static int jumptable_init_r(void)
> {
>        jumptable_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_PCMCIA) && !defined(CONFIG_CMD_IDE)
> static int pci_init_r(void)
> {
>        puts("PCMCIA:");
>        pcmcia_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_KGDB)
> static int kgdb_init_r(void)
> {
>        puts("KGDB:  ");
>        kgdb_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> static int enable_interrupts_r(void)
> {
>        /* enable exceptions */
>        enable_interrupts();
>        show_boot_progress(0x28);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_STATUS_LED
> static int status_led_set_r(void)
> {
>        status_led_set(STATUS_LED_BOOT, STATUS_LED_BLINKING);
>        udelay(20);
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NET)
> static int set_bootfile_r(void)
> {
>        char *s;
>
>        s = getenv("bootfile");
>
>        if (s != NULL)
>                copy_filename(BootFile, s, sizeof(BootFile));
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int eth_initialize_r(void)
> {
>        puts("Net:   ");
>        eth_initialize(gd->bd);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_RESET_PHY_R
> static int reset_phy_r(void)
> {
> #ifdef DEBUG
>        puts("Reset Ethernet PHY\n");
> #endif
>        reset_phy();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #endif
>
> static int set_load_addr_r(void)
> {
>        /* Initialize from environment */
>        load_addr = getenv_ulong("loadaddr", 16, load_addr);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IDE)
> static int ide_init_r(void)
> {
>        puts("IDE:   ");
>        ide_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_SCSI)
> static int scsi_init_r(void)
> {
>        puts("SCSI:  ");
>        scsi_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_DOC)
> static int doc_init_r(void)
> {
>        puts("DOC:   ");
>        doc_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_BITBANGMII
> static int bb_miiphy_init_r(void)
> {
>        bb_miiphy_init();
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_POST
> static int post_run_r(void)
> {
>        post_run(NULL, POST_RAM | post_bootmode_get(0));
>
>        return 0;
> }
> #endif
>
> init_fnc_t *init_sequence_r[] = {
>        init_bd_struct_r,
>        mem_malloc_init_r,
>        set_default_baudrate_r,
>        cpu_init_r,             /* basic cpu dependent setup */
>        board_early_init_r,     /* basic board dependent setup */
>        dram_init,              /* configure available RAM banks */
>        interrupt_init,         /* set up exceptions */
>        timer_init,
>        display_banner,
>        display_dram_config,
> #ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_MULTI
>        serial_initialize_r,
> #endif
> #ifndef CONFIG_SYS_NO_FLASH
>        flash_init_r,
> #endif
>        env_relocate_r,
> #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NET
>        init_ip_address_r,
> #endif
> #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
>        pci_init_r,
> #endif
>        stdio_init,
>        jumptable_init_r,
>        console_init_r,
> #ifdef CONFIG_MISC_INIT_R
>        misc_init_r,
> #endif
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_PCMCIA) && !defined(CONFIG_CMD_IDE)
>        pci_init_r,
> #endif
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_KGDB)
>        kgdb_init_r,
> #endif
>        enable_interrupts_r,
> #ifdef CONFIG_STATUS_LED
>        status_led_set_r,
> #endif
>        set_load_addr_r,
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NET)
>        set_bootfile_r,
> #endif
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IDE)
>        ide_init_r,
> #endif
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_SCSI)
>        scsi_init_r,
> #endif
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_DOC)
>        doc_init_r,
> #endif
> #ifdef CONFIG_BITBANGMII
>        bb_miiphy_init_r,
> #endif
> #if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NET)
>        eth_initialize_r,
> #ifdef CONFIG_RESET_PHY_R
>        reset_phy_r,
> #endif
> #endif
> #ifdef CONFIG_LAST_STAGE_INIT
>        last_stage_init,
> #endif
>        NULL,
> };
>
> static int calculate_relocation_address(gd_t *id)
> {
>        ulong text_start = (ulong)&__text_start;
>        ulong bss_end = (ulong)&__bss_end;
>        ulong dest_addr;
>        ulong rel_offset;
>
>        /* Calculate destination RAM Address and relocation offset */
>        dest_addr = id->start_addr_sp;
>        dest_addr -= CONFIG_SYS_STACK_SIZE;
>        dest_addr -= (bss_end - text_start);
>
>        /*
>         * Round destination address down to 16-byte boundary to keep
>         * IDT and GDT 16-byte aligned
>         */
>        dest_addr &= ~15;
>
>        rel_offset = dest_addr - text_start;
>
>        id->relocaddr = dest_addr;
>        id->reloc_off = rel_offset;
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int copy_uboot_to_ram(gd_t *id)
> {
>        size_t len = (size_t)&__data_end - (size_t)&__text_start;
>
>        memcpy((void *)id->relocaddr, (void *)&__text_start, len);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int clear_bss(gd_t *id)
> {
>        ulong dst_addr = (ulong)&__bss_start + id->reloc_off;
>        size_t len = (size_t)&__bss_end - (size_t)&__bss_start;
>
>        memset((void *)dst_addr, 0x00, len);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static int do_elf_reloc_fixups(gd_t *id)
> {
>        Elf32_Rel *re_src = (Elf32_Rel *)(&__rel_dyn_start);
>        Elf32_Rel *re_end = (Elf32_Rel *)(&__rel_dyn_end);
>
>        Elf32_Addr *offset_ptr_rom;
>        Elf32_Addr *offset_ptr_ram;
>
>        /* The size of the region of u-boot that runs out of RAM. */
>        uintptr_t size = (uintptr_t)&__bss_end - (uintptr_t)&__text_start;
>
>        do {
>                /* Get the location from the relocation entry */
>                offset_ptr_rom = (Elf32_Addr *)re_src->r_offset;
>
>                /* Check that the location of the relocation is in .text */
>                if (offset_ptr_rom >= (Elf32_Addr *)CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE) {
>
>                        /* Switch to the in-RAM version */
>                        offset_ptr_ram = (Elf32_Addr *)((ulong)offset_ptr_rom +
>                                                        id->reloc_off);
>
>                        /* Check that the target points into .text */
>                        if (*offset_ptr_ram >= CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE &&
>                                        *offset_ptr_ram <
>                                        (CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE + size)) {
>                                *offset_ptr_ram += id->reloc_off;
>                        }
>                }
>        } while (re_src++ < re_end);
>
>        return 0;
> }
>
> static void do_init_loop(init_fnc_t **init_fnc_ptr)
> {
>        for (; *init_fnc_ptr; ++init_fnc_ptr) {
>                WATCHDOG_RESET();
>                if ((*init_fnc_ptr)() != 0)
>                        hang();
>        }
> }
>
> /* Load U-Boot into RAM, initialize BSS, perform relocation adjustments */
> void board_init_f(ulong boot_flags)
> {
>        gd->flags = boot_flags;
>
>        do_init_loop(init_sequence_f);
>
>        /* SDRAM is now initialised setup a new stack in SDRAM */
>        setup_sdram_environment(gd->ram_size, GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE);
>
>        /* NOTREACHED - relocate_code() does not return */
>        while (1)
>                ;
> }
>
> typedef void (board_init_r_t) (gd_t *, ulong);
>
> void relocate_code(ulong stack_ptr, gd_t *id, ulong reloc_addr)
> {
>        board_init_r_t *board_init_r_func;
>
>        /* We are running from flash, but the stack is now in SDRAM */
>
>        /* gd is still in CAR - Copy it into SDRAM */
>        memcpy(id, gd, sizeof(gd_t));
>
>        id->start_addr_sp = stack_ptr;
>
>        if (init_cache() != 0)
>                hang();
>
>        calculate_relocation_address(id);
>        copy_uboot_to_ram(id);
>        clear_bss(id);
>        do_elf_reloc_fixups(id);
>
>        board_init_r_func = board_init_r;
>        board_init_r_func += id->reloc_off;
>        board_init_r_func(id, id->relocaddr);
>
>        /* NOTREACHED - relocate_code() does not return */
>        while (1)
>                ;
> }
>
> void board_init_r(gd_t *id, ulong dest_addr)
> {
>        /* Global data pointer is now writable */
>        gd = id;
>
>        gd->flags |= GD_FLG_RELOC;
>
>        /* compiler optimization barrier needed for GCC >= 3.4 */
>        __asm__ __volatile__("" : : : "memory");
>
>        do_init_loop(init_sequence_r);
>
>        /* main_loop() can return to retry autoboot, if so just run it again. */
>        for (;;)
>                main_loop();
>
>        /* NOTREACHED - no way out of command loop except booting */
> }
>
> void hang(void)
> {
>        puts("### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###\n");
>        for (;;)
>                ;
> }
>
> unsigned long do_go_exec(ulong (*entry)(int, char * const []),
>                         int argc, char * const argv[])
> {
>        unsigned long ret = 0;
>        char **argv_tmp;
>
>        /*
>         * x86 does not use a dedicated register to pass the pointer to
>         * the global_data, so it is instead passed as argv[-1]. By using
>         * argv[-1], the called 'Application' can use the contents of
>         * argv natively. However, to safely use argv[-1] a new copy of
>         * argv is needed with the extra element
>         */
>        argv_tmp = malloc(sizeof(char *) * (argc + 1));
>
>        if (argv_tmp) {
>                argv_tmp[0] = (char *)gd;
>
>                memcpy(&argv_tmp[1], argv, (size_t)(sizeof(char *) * argc));
>
>                ret = (entry) (argc, &argv_tmp[1]);
>                free(argv_tmp);
>        }
>
>        return ret;
> }
>
> void setup_pcat_compatibility(void)
>        __attribute__((weak, alias("__setup_pcat_compatibility")));
>
> void __setup_pcat_compatibility(void)
> {
> }
>
>


More information about the U-Boot mailing list