[U-Boot] [PATCH v3 14/28] efi: Add support for loading U-Boot through an EFI stub
Simon Glass
sjg at chromium.org
Tue Aug 4 20:33:52 CEST 2015
It is useful to be able to load U-Boot onto a board even if is it already
running EFI. This can allow access to the U-Boot command interface, flexible
booting options and easier development.
The easiest way to do this is to build U-Boot as a binary blob and have an
EFI stub copy it into RAM. Add support for this feature, targeting 32-bit
initially.
Also add a way to detect when U-Boot has been loaded via a stub. This goes
in common.h since it needs to be widely available so that we avoid redoing
initialisation that should be skipped.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg at chromium.org>
Improvements to how the payload is built:
Signed-off-by: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn at gmail.com>
---
Changes in v3:
- Fix calling convention to starting U-Boot in the 32-bit stub
- Rename LDFLAGS_EFI to LDFLAGS_EFI_PAYLOAD and move into this patch
- Use quiet_cmd_xxx to link the payload
Changes in v2:
- Add a comment as to why we must call exit_boot_services() twice
- Drop \n\t at the end of a one-line asm statement
- Merge in Bin's implementation of adding a U-Boot payload with objcopy
- Remove comment about reset_cpu() returning to EFI in the stub
- Rename CONFIG_ARCH_EFI to CONFIG_EFI_APP
Makefile | 24 +++++
arch/x86/config.mk | 7 ++
include/common.h | 7 ++
include/efi.h | 4 +
lib/efi/Kconfig | 21 ++++
lib/efi/Makefile | 9 ++
lib/efi/efi_stub.c | 304 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
7 files changed, 376 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 lib/efi/efi_stub.c
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 620c18f..752ee0d 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -755,6 +755,7 @@ ALL-$(CONFIG_SPL) += $(CONFIG_SPL_TARGET:"%"=%)
endif
ALL-$(CONFIG_REMAKE_ELF) += u-boot.elf
ALL-$(CONFIG_EFI_APP) += u-boot-app.efi
+ALL-$(CONFIG_EFI_STUB) += u-boot-payload.efi
ifneq ($(BUILD_ROM),)
ALL-$(CONFIG_X86_RESET_VECTOR) += u-boot.rom
@@ -790,6 +791,9 @@ cmd_objcopy = $(OBJCOPY) --gap-fill=0xff $(OBJCOPYFLAGS) \
quiet_cmd_zobjcopy = OBJCOPY $@
cmd_zobjcopy = $(OBJCOPY) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_$(@F)) $< $@
+quiet_cmd_efipayload = OBJCOPY $@
+cmd_efipayload = $(OBJCOPY) -I binary -O $(EFIPAYLOAD_BFDTARGET) -B $(EFIPAYLOAD_BFDARCH) $< $@
+
quiet_cmd_mkimage = MKIMAGE $@
cmd_mkimage = $(objtree)/tools/mkimage $(MKIMAGEFLAGS_$(@F)) -d $< $@ \
$(if $(KBUILD_VERBOSE:1=), >/dev/null)
@@ -1087,6 +1091,26 @@ OBJCOPYFLAGS_u-boot-app.efi := $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_EFI)
u-boot-app.efi: u-boot FORCE
$(call if_changed,zobjcopy)
+u-boot-dtb.bin.o: u-boot-dtb.bin FORCE
+ $(call if_changed,efipayload)
+
+u-boot-payload.lds: $(LDSCRIPT_EFI) FORCE
+ $(call if_changed_dep,cpp_lds)
+
+# Rule to link the EFI payload which contains a stub and a U-Boot binary
+quiet_cmd_u-boot_payload ?= LD $@
+ cmd_u-boot_payload ?= $(LD) $(LDFLAGS_EFI_PAYLOAD) -o $@ \
+ -T u-boot-payload.lds \
+ lib/efi/efi.o lib/efi/efi_stub.o u-boot-dtb.bin.o \
+ $(addprefix arch/$(ARCH)/lib/efi/,$(EFISTUB))
+
+u-boot-payload: u-boot-dtb.bin.o u-boot-payload.lds FORCE
+ $(call if_changed,u-boot_payload)
+
+OBJCOPYFLAGS_u-boot-payload.efi := $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_EFI)
+u-boot-payload.efi: u-boot-payload FORCE
+ $(call if_changed,zobjcopy)
+
u-boot-img.bin: spl/u-boot-spl.bin u-boot.img FORCE
$(call if_changed,cat)
diff --git a/arch/x86/config.mk b/arch/x86/config.mk
index e27f84a..334c10b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/config.mk
+++ b/arch/x86/config.mk
@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ PLATFORM_LDFLAGS += -Bsymbolic -Bsymbolic-functions -m elf_i386
LDFLAGS_FINAL += --wrap=__divdi3 --wrap=__udivdi3
LDFLAGS_FINAL += --wrap=__moddi3 --wrap=__umoddi3
+# This is used in the top-level Makefile which does not include
+# PLATFORM_LDFLAGS
+LDFLAGS_EFI_PAYLOAD := -Bsymbolic -Bsymbolic-functions -shared --no-undefined
+
OBJCOPYFLAGS_EFI := -j .text -j .sdata -j .data -j .dynamic -j .dynsym \
-j .rel -j .rela -j .reloc
@@ -31,6 +35,9 @@ CFLAGS_NON_EFI := -mregparm=3
CFLAGS_EFI := -fpic -fshort-wchar
EFIARCH = ia32
+EFIPAYLOAD_BFDTARGET = elf32-i386
+
+EFIPAYLOAD_BFDARCH = i386
LDSCRIPT_EFI := $(srctree)/$(CPUDIR)/efi/elf_$(EFIARCH)_efi.lds
OBJCOPYFLAGS_EFI += --target=efi-app-$(EFIARCH)
diff --git a/include/common.h b/include/common.h
index 4566bd1..fcc9ae7 100644
--- a/include/common.h
+++ b/include/common.h
@@ -1021,6 +1021,13 @@ int cpu_release(int nr, int argc, char * const argv[]);
offsetof(struct structure, member) == offset, \
"`struct " #structure "` offset for `" #member "` is not " #offset)
+/* Avoid using CONFIG_EFI_STUB directly as we may boot from other loaders */
+#ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
+#define ll_boot_init() false
+#else
+#define ll_boot_init() true
+#endif
+
/* Pull in stuff for the build system */
#ifdef DO_DEPS_ONLY
# include <environment.h>
diff --git a/include/efi.h b/include/efi.h
index f009701..1470c08 100644
--- a/include/efi.h
+++ b/include/efi.h
@@ -268,11 +268,15 @@ struct efi_priv {
/* Base address of the EFI image */
extern char image_base[];
+/* Start and end of U-Boot image (for payload) */
+extern char _binary_u_boot_dtb_bin_start[], _binary_u_boot_dtb_bin_end[];
+
/**
* efi_get_sys_table() - Get access to the main EFI system table
*
* @return pointer to EFI system table
*/
+
struct efi_system_table *efi_get_sys_table(void);
/**
diff --git a/lib/efi/Kconfig b/lib/efi/Kconfig
index b23ba5b..919e314 100644
--- a/lib/efi/Kconfig
+++ b/lib/efi/Kconfig
@@ -20,6 +20,11 @@ config EFI_APP
command prompt and memory and I/O functions. Use 'reset' to return
to EFI.
+config EFI_STUB
+ bool "Support running as an EFI payload"
+
+endchoice
+
config EFI_RAM_SIZE
hex "Amount of EFI RAM for U-Boot"
depends on EFI_APP
@@ -30,4 +35,20 @@ config EFI_RAM_SIZE
other smaller amounts) and it can never be increased after that.
It is used as the RAM size in with U-Boot.
+choice
+ prompt "EFI 32/64-bit selection"
+ depends on EFI_STUB
+ help
+ EFI does not support mixing 32-bit and 64-bit modes. This is a
+ significant problem because it means that you must build a stub with
+ the correct type for EFI to load it correctly. If you are using
+ 32-bit EFI, select 32-bit here, else select 64-bit. Failure to do
+ this may produce no error message - it just won't start!
+
+config EFI_STUB_32BIT
+ bool "Produce a stub for running with 32-bit EFI"
+
+config EFI_STUB_64BIT
+ bool "Produce a stub for running with 64-bit EFI"
+
endchoice
diff --git a/lib/efi/Makefile b/lib/efi/Makefile
index 5ee344c..4bc67f0 100644
--- a/lib/efi/Makefile
+++ b/lib/efi/Makefile
@@ -5,3 +5,12 @@
#
obj-$(CONFIG_EFI_APP) += efi_app.o efi.o
+
+CFLAGS_REMOVE_efi_stub.o := -mregparm=3 \
+ $(if $(CONFIG_EFI_STUB_64BIT),-march=i386 -m32)
+CFLAGS_efi_stub.o := -fpic -fshort-wchar
+CFLAGS_REMOVE_efi.o := -mregparm=3 \
+ $(if $(CONFIG_EFI_STUB_64BIT),-march=i386 -m32)
+CFLAGS_efi.o := -fpic -fshort-wchar
+
+extra-$(CONFIG_EFI_STUB) += efi_stub.o efi.o
diff --git a/lib/efi/efi_stub.c b/lib/efi/efi_stub.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e46f6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/efi/efi_stub.c
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Google, Inc
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+ *
+ * EFI information obtained here:
+ * http://wiki.phoenix.com/wiki/index.php/EFI_BOOT_SERVICES
+ *
+ * Loads a payload (U-Boot) within the EFI environment. This is built as a
+ * 32-bit EFI application.
+ */
+
+#include <common.h>
+#include <debug_uart.h>
+#include <efi.h>
+#include <efi_api.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <ns16550.h>
+#include <asm/cpu.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_X86
+/*
+ * Problem areas:
+ * - putc() uses the ns16550 address directly and assumed I/O access. Many
+ * platforms will use memory access
+ * get_codeseg32() is only meaningful on x86
+ */
+#error "This file needs to be ported for use on architectures"
+#endif
+
+static struct efi_priv *global_priv;
+static bool use_uart;
+
+struct __packed desctab_info {
+ uint16_t limit;
+ uint64_t addr;
+ uint16_t pad;
+};
+
+/*
+ * EFI uses Unicode and we don't. The easiest way to get a sensible output
+ * function is to use the U-Boot debug UART. We use EFI's console output
+ * function where available, and assume the built-in UART after that. We rely
+ * on EFI to set up the UART for us and just bring in the functions here.
+ * This last bit is a bit icky, but it's only for debugging anyway. We could
+ * build in ns16550.c with some effort, but this is a payload loader after
+ * all.
+ *
+ * Note: We avoid using printf() so we don't need to bring in lib/vsprintf.c.
+ * That would require some refactoring since we already build this for U-Boot.
+ * Building an EFI shared library version would have to be a separate stem.
+ * That might push us to using the SPL framework to build this stub. However
+ * that would involve a round of EFI-specific changes in SPL. Worth
+ * considering if we start needing more U-Boot functionality. Note that we
+ * could then move get_codeseg32() to arch/x86/cpu/cpu.c.
+ */
+void debug_uart_init(void)
+{
+}
+
+void putc(const char ch)
+{
+ if (use_uart) {
+ NS16550_t com_port = (NS16550_t)0x3f8;
+
+ while ((inb((ulong)&com_port->lsr) & UART_LSR_THRE) == 0)
+ ;
+ outb(ch, (ulong)&com_port->thr);
+ } else {
+ efi_putc(global_priv, ch);
+ }
+ if (ch == '\n')
+ putc('\r');
+}
+
+void puts(const char *str)
+{
+ while (*str)
+ putc(*str++);
+}
+
+static void _debug_uart_putc(int ch)
+{
+ putc(ch);
+}
+
+DEBUG_UART_FUNCS
+
+void *memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t size)
+{
+ unsigned char *dptr = dest;
+ const unsigned char *ptr = src;
+ const unsigned char *end = src + size;
+
+ while (ptr < end)
+ *dptr++ = *ptr++;
+
+ return dest;
+}
+
+void *memset(void *inptr, int ch, size_t size)
+{
+ char *ptr = inptr;
+ char *end = ptr + size;
+
+ while (ptr < end)
+ *ptr++ = ch;
+
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+static void jump_to_uboot(ulong cs32, ulong addr, ulong info)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB_32BIT
+ /*
+ * U-Boot requires these parameters in registers, not on the stack.
+ * See _x86boot_start() for this code.
+ */
+ typedef void (*func_t)(int bist, int unused, ulong info)
+ __attribute__((regparm(3)));
+
+ ((func_t)addr)(0, 0, info);
+#else
+ /* TODO: Implement this */
+#endif
+}
+
+static void get_gdt(struct desctab_info *info)
+{
+ asm volatile ("sgdt %0" : : "m"(*info) : "memory");
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long read_cr3(void)
+{
+ unsigned long val;
+
+ asm volatile("mov %%cr3,%0" : "=r" (val) : : "memory");
+ return val;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_codeseg32() - Find the code segment to use for 32-bit code
+ *
+ * U-Boot only works in 32-bit mode at present, so when booting from 64-bit
+ * EFI we must first change to 32-bit mode. To do this we need to find the
+ * correct code segment to use (an entry in the Global Descriptor Table).
+ *
+ * @return code segment GDT offset, or 0 for 32-bit EFI, -ENOENT if not found
+ */
+static int get_codeseg32(void)
+{
+ int cs32 = 0;
+
+ /* TODO(sjg): Implement this for 64-bit mode */
+ return cs32;
+}
+
+static int setup_info_table(struct efi_priv *priv, int size)
+{
+ struct efi_info_hdr *info;
+ efi_status_t ret;
+
+ /* Get some memory for our info table */
+ priv->info_size = size;
+ info = efi_malloc(priv, priv->info_size, &ret);
+ if (ret) {
+ printhex2(ret);
+ puts(" No memory for info table: ");
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ memset(info, '\0', sizeof(*info));
+ info->version = EFI_TABLE_VERSION;
+ info->hdr_size = sizeof(*info);
+ priv->info = info;
+ priv->next_hdr = (char *)info + info->hdr_size;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void add_entry_addr(struct efi_priv *priv, enum efi_entry_t type,
+ void *ptr1, int size1, void *ptr2, int size2)
+{
+ struct efi_entry_hdr *hdr = priv->next_hdr;
+
+ hdr->type = type;
+ hdr->size = size1 + size2;
+ hdr->addr = 0;
+ hdr->link = ALIGN(sizeof(*hdr) + hdr->size, 16);
+ priv->next_hdr += hdr->link;
+ memcpy(hdr + 1, ptr1, size1);
+ memcpy((void *)(hdr + 1) + size1, ptr2, size2);
+ priv->info->total_size = (ulong)priv->next_hdr - (ulong)priv->info;
+}
+
+/**
+ * efi_main() - Start an EFI image
+ *
+ * This function is called by our EFI start-up code. It handles running
+ * U-Boot. If it returns, EFI will continue.
+ */
+efi_status_t efi_main(efi_handle_t image, struct efi_system_table *sys_table)
+{
+ struct efi_priv local_priv, *priv = &local_priv;
+ struct efi_boot_services *boot = sys_table->boottime;
+ struct efi_mem_desc *desc;
+ struct efi_entry_memmap map;
+ ulong key, desc_size, size;
+ efi_status_t ret;
+ u32 version;
+ int cs32;
+
+ ret = efi_init(priv, "Payload", image, sys_table);
+ if (ret) {
+ printhex2(ret); puts(" efi_init() failed\n");
+ return ret;
+ }
+ global_priv = priv;
+
+ cs32 = get_codeseg32();
+ if (cs32 < 0)
+ return EFI_UNSUPPORTED;
+
+ /* Get the memory map so we can switch off EFI */
+ size = 0;
+ ret = boot->get_memory_map(&size, NULL, &key, &desc_size, &version);
+ if (ret != EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
+ printhex2(BITS_PER_LONG);
+ printhex2(ret);
+ puts(" No memory map\n");
+ return ret;
+ }
+ size += 1024; /* Since doing a malloc() may change the memory map! */
+ desc = efi_malloc(priv, size, &ret);
+ if (!desc) {
+ printhex2(ret);
+ puts(" No memory for memory descriptor: ");
+ return ret;
+ }
+ ret = setup_info_table(priv, size + 128);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = boot->get_memory_map(&size, desc, &key, &desc_size, &version);
+ if (ret) {
+ printhex2(ret);
+ puts(" Can't get memory map\n");
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ ret = boot->exit_boot_services(image, key);
+ if (ret) {
+ /*
+ * Unfortunately it happens that we cannot exit boot services
+ * the first time. But the second time it work. I don't know
+ * why but this seems to be a repeatable problem. To get
+ * around it, just try again.
+ */
+ printhex2(ret);
+ puts(" Can't exit boot services\n");
+ size = sizeof(desc);
+ ret = boot->get_memory_map(&size, desc, &key, &desc_size,
+ &version);
+ if (ret) {
+ printhex2(ret);
+ puts(" Can't get memory map\n");
+ return ret;
+ }
+ ret = boot->exit_boot_services(image, key);
+ if (ret) {
+ printhex2(ret);
+ puts(" Can't exit boot services 2\n");
+ return ret;
+ }
+ }
+
+ map.version = version;
+ map.desc_size = desc_size;
+ add_entry_addr(priv, EFIET_MEMORY_MAP, &map, sizeof(map), desc, size);
+ add_entry_addr(priv, EFIET_END, NULL, 0, 0, 0);
+
+ /* The EFI UART won't work now, switch to a debug one */
+ use_uart = true;
+
+ memcpy((void *)CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE, _binary_u_boot_dtb_bin_start,
+ (ulong)_binary_u_boot_dtb_bin_end -
+ (ulong)_binary_u_boot_dtb_bin_start);
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+ puts("EFI table at ");
+ printhex8((ulong)priv->info);
+ puts(" size ");
+ printhex8(priv->info->total_size);
+#endif
+ putc('\n');
+ jump_to_uboot(cs32, CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE, (ulong)priv->info);
+
+ return EFI_LOAD_ERROR;
+}
--
2.5.0.rc2.392.g76e840b
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