[PATCH v2 0/6] Relocate U-Boot in the last bank
Ilias Apalodimas
ilias.apalodimas at linaro.org
Thu Apr 16 07:59:36 CEST 2026
Hi This is v2 of [1]!
There was a discussion recently on the mailing lists regarding our
management of memory above ram_top [0]. The tl;dr is that we have two problems.
The first one is that U-Boot always relocates to the top of the first available
bank unless there's special board code to sidestep that. The second is we don't
successfully deal with devices that can only do 32-bit DMA.
This patch series deals with the first problem by adding a Kconfig option
allowing platforms to relocate to the top of the last discovered bank.
It's worth noting that this is easily testable with QEMU
qemu-system-aarch64 -m 8192 -smp 2 -nographic -cpu cortex-a57 \
-machine virt,secure=off \
-bios u-boot.bin \
-device virtio-rng-pci \
-drive id=os,if=none,file="$image" \
-device virtio-blk-device,drive=os \
-object memory-backend-ram,id=ram0,size=4G \
-object memory-backend-ram,id=ram1,size=4G \
-numa node,memdev=ram0 \
-numa node,memdev=ram1
# RELOCATE_LAST_BANK not set
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=> bdinfo
[...]
relocaddr = 0x000000013f66c000
reloc off = 0x000000013f66c000
[...]
lmb_dump_all:
memory.count = 0x1
memory[0] [0x40000000-0x23fffffff], 0x200000000 bytes, flags: none
reserved.count = 0x2
reserved[0] [0x13d507000-0x13d509fff], 0x3000 bytes, flags: no-notify, no-overwrite
reserved[1] [0x13d50aff0-0x23fffffff], 0x102af5010 bytes, flags: no-overwrite
devicetree = board
[...]
TLB addr = 0x000000013ffe0000
irq_sp = 0x000000013e50aff0
sp start = 0x000000013e50aff0
Early malloc usage: e88 / 2000
=>
# RELOCATE_LAST_BANK enabled
=> bdinfo
[...]
relocaddr = 0x000000023f66c000
reloc off = 0x000000023f66c000
[...]
lmb_dump_all:
memory.count = 0x1
memory[0] [0x40000000-0x23fffffff], 0x200000000 bytes, flags: none
reserved.count = 0x2
reserved[0] [0x23d507000-0x23d509fff], 0x3000 bytes, flags: no-notify, no-overwrite
reserved[1] [0x23d50aff0-0x23fffffff], 0x2af5010 bytes, flags: no-overwrite
devicetree = board
[...]
TLB addr = 0x000000023ffe0000
irq_sp = 0x000000023e50aff0
sp start = 0x000000023e50aff0
Early malloc usage: e88 / 2000
=>
Patch #1 - Clean up from Marek
Patch #2 - Introduce fdtdec_setup_mem_ram_top() from Marek
Patch #3 - The boilerplate code that moves bi_dram from bd to gd
Patch #4 - Moves the ram_base calculation in its own initcall
Patch #5 - Cleans up and prepares setup_dest_addr()
Patch #6 - Adds the Kconfig option and code to allow us to relocate in top
memory banks
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/u-boot/20260403090109.3564638-1-ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org/
Changes since v1:
- Rebased and added Marek's cleanup patches
- Remove the ifdefery on patch #6 in favor of 'if (CONFIG_IS_ENABLED)'
- Added a warning on the Kconfig message about breaking devices that
can't DMA to high memory
- Added depends on EXPERT for relocatiing to the last bank
- Using %llx instead of %llX on debug prints
- Removed 2 remaining comments of bd->bi_dram[]
- Collected Tested/Reviewed-by tags
Ilias Apalodimas (4):
treewide: move bi_dram[] from bd to gd
common: move ram_base calculation to independent INITCALL()
common: Clean up setup_dest_addr()
common: Add an option to relocate on ram top
Marek Vasut (2):
fdtdec: Deduplicate iterator function
fdtdec: Introduce fdtdec_setup_mem_ram_top() to determine end of
topmost DRAM bank
Kconfig | 10 ++
api/api_platform.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/cpu/armv8/cache_v8.c | 6 +-
arch/arm/cpu/armv8/fsl-layerscape/cpu.c | 116 +++++++++---------
arch/arm/lib/bootm-fdt.c | 5 +-
arch/arm/lib/bootm.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/lib/cache-cp15.c | 9 +-
arch/arm/lib/image.c | 2 +-
arch/arm/mach-airoha/an7581/init.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-apple/board.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-davinci/misc.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-imx/ele_ahab.c | 7 +-
arch/arm/mach-imx/imx8/ahab.c | 7 +-
arch/arm/mach-imx/imx8/cpu.c | 44 +++----
arch/arm/mach-imx/imx8m/soc.c | 24 ++--
arch/arm/mach-imx/imx8ulp/soc.c | 20 +--
arch/arm/mach-imx/imx9/scmi/soc.c | 24 ++--
arch/arm/mach-imx/imx9/soc.c | 24 ++--
arch/arm/mach-imx/mx5/mx53_dram.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-imx/spl.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-k3/k3-ddr.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-mvebu/alleycat5/cpu.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-mvebu/armada3700/cpu.c | 10 +-
arch/arm/mach-mvebu/armada8k/dram.c | 10 +-
arch/arm/mach-mvebu/dram.c | 6 +-
arch/arm/mach-omap2/am33xx/board.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-omap2/omap-cache.c | 5 +-
arch/arm/mach-omap2/omap3/emif4.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-omap2/omap3/sdrc.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-owl/soc.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-renesas/memmap-gen3.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-renesas/memmap-rzg2l.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-rockchip/rk3588/rk3588.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-rockchip/sdram.c | 40 +++---
arch/arm/mach-snapdragon/board.c | 12 +-
arch/arm/mach-socfpga/board.c | 5 +-
arch/arm/mach-socfpga/misc_arria10.c | 7 +-
.../mach-stm32mp/cmd_stm32prog/stm32prog.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-stm32mp/stm32mp1/cpu.c | 7 +-
arch/arm/mach-tegra/board2.c | 14 +--
arch/arm/mach-tegra/cboot.c | 4 +-
arch/arm/mach-uniphier/dram_init.c | 6 +-
arch/arm/mach-uniphier/fdt-fixup.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-versal-net/cpu.c | 8 +-
arch/arm/mach-versal/cpu.c | 16 +--
arch/arm/mach-versal2/cpu.c | 6 +-
arch/arm/mach-zynqmp/cpu.c | 8 +-
arch/mips/mach-octeon/dram.c | 4 +-
arch/riscv/cpu/k1/dram.c | 12 +-
arch/sandbox/cpu/spl.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/coreboot/sdram.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/efi/payload.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/efi/sdram.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/intel_common/mrc.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/ivybridge/sdram_nop.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/qemu/dram.c | 8 +-
arch/x86/cpu/quark/dram.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/slimbootloader/sdram.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/cpu/tangier/sdram.c | 4 +-
arch/x86/lib/bootm.c | 5 +-
arch/x86/lib/fsp/fsp_dram.c | 18 +--
board/CZ.NIC/turris_1x/turris_1x.c | 42 +++----
board/armltd/corstone1000/corstone1000.c | 4 +-
board/armltd/integrator/integrator.c | 4 +-
board/armltd/total_compute/total_compute.c | 6 +-
board/armltd/vexpress/vexpress_common.c | 8 +-
board/atmel/common/video_display.c | 2 +-
.../sam9x60_curiosity/sam9x60_curiosity.c | 2 +-
.../sam9x75_curiosity/sam9x75_curiosity.c | 2 +-
.../atmel/sama5d27_som1_ek/sama5d27_som1_ek.c | 2 +-
.../sama5d27_wlsom1_ek/sama5d27_wlsom1_ek.c | 2 +-
.../sama5d29_curiosity/sama5d29_curiosity.c | 2 +-
.../atmel/sama5d2_xplained/sama5d2_xplained.c | 2 +-
.../sama7d65_curiosity/sama7d65_curiosity.c | 2 +-
.../sama7g54_curiosity/sama7g54_curiosity.c | 2 +-
board/broadcom/bcmns3/ns3.c | 4 +-
board/compulab/cm_fx6/cm_fx6.c | 28 ++---
board/elgin/elgin_rv1108/elgin_rv1108.c | 4 +-
board/esd/meesc/meesc.c | 4 +-
board/friendlyarm/nanopi2/board.c | 10 +-
board/ge/mx53ppd/mx53ppd.c | 8 +-
board/hisilicon/hikey/hikey.c | 24 ++--
board/hisilicon/hikey960/hikey960.c | 4 +-
board/hisilicon/poplar/poplar.c | 4 +-
board/k+p/kp_imx53/kp_imx53.c | 4 +-
board/keymile/pg-wcom-ls102xa/ddr.c | 4 +-
board/kontron/sl28/sl28.c | 4 +-
board/kontron/sl28/spl_atf.c | 6 +-
board/liebherr/btt/btt.c | 2 +-
board/menlo/m53menlo/m53menlo.c | 8 +-
board/nuvoton/arbel_evb/arbel_evb.c | 26 ++--
board/nxp/imxrt1020-evk/imxrt1020-evk.c | 2 +-
board/nxp/imxrt1050-evk/imxrt1050-evk.c | 2 +-
board/nxp/imxrt1170-evk/imxrt1170-evk.c | 2 +-
board/nxp/ls1021aqds/ddr.c | 4 +-
board/nxp/ls1028a/ls1028a.c | 10 +-
board/nxp/ls1043aqds/ls1043aqds.c | 8 +-
board/nxp/ls1043ardb/ls1043ardb.c | 8 +-
board/nxp/ls1046afrwy/ls1046afrwy.c | 8 +-
board/nxp/ls1046aqds/ls1046aqds.c | 8 +-
board/nxp/ls1046ardb/ls1046ardb.c | 8 +-
board/nxp/ls1088a/ls1088a.c | 6 +-
board/nxp/ls2080aqds/ls2080aqds.c | 14 +--
board/nxp/ls2080ardb/ls2080ardb.c | 14 +--
board/nxp/lx2160a/lx2160a.c | 6 +-
board/phytec/phycore_am62x/phycore-am62x.c | 26 ++--
board/phytec/phycore_am64x/phycore-am64x.c | 18 +--
board/phytium/durian/durian.c | 4 +-
board/phytium/pe2201/pe2201.c | 4 +-
board/raspberrypi/rpi/rpi.c | 4 +-
board/renesas/common/rcar64-common.c | 6 +-
board/renesas/genmai/genmai.c | 4 +-
board/renesas/sparrowhawk/sparrowhawk.c | 8 +-
board/ronetix/pm9261/pm9261.c | 4 +-
board/ronetix/pm9263/pm9263.c | 4 +-
board/ronetix/pm9g45/pm9g45.c | 4 +-
board/samsung/arndale/arndale.c | 4 +-
board/samsung/common/board.c | 6 +-
board/samsung/exynos-mobile/exynos-mobile.c | 4 +-
board/samsung/goni/goni.c | 12 +-
board/samsung/smdkc100/smdkc100.c | 4 +-
board/samsung/smdkv310/smdkv310.c | 16 +--
board/siemens/iot2050/board.c | 16 +--
board/socionext/developerbox/developerbox.c | 6 +-
board/st/stih410-b2260/board.c | 4 +-
board/ste/stemmy/stemmy.c | 4 +-
board/ti/dra7xx/evm.c | 8 +-
board/ti/ks2_evm/board.c | 4 +-
board/toradex/colibri_imx7/colibri_imx7.c | 8 +-
board/toradex/verdin-am62/verdin-am62.c | 2 +-
board/toradex/verdin-am62p/verdin-am62p.c | 2 +-
board/traverse/ten64/ten64.c | 6 +-
board/xilinx/zynq/cmds.c | 6 +-
board/xilinx/zynqmp/zynqmp.c | 6 +-
boot/image-board.c | 2 +-
boot/image-fdt.c | 4 +-
cmd/bdinfo.c | 6 +-
cmd/ti/ddr4.c | 8 +-
cmd/ufetch.c | 4 +-
common/board_f.c | 65 +++++++---
common/init/handoff.c | 10 +-
drivers/bootcount/bootcount_ram.c | 4 +-
drivers/ddr/altera/sdram_agilex.c | 4 +-
drivers/ddr/altera/sdram_agilex5.c | 18 +--
drivers/ddr/altera/sdram_agilex7m.c | 4 +-
drivers/ddr/altera/sdram_arria10.c | 12 +-
drivers/ddr/altera/sdram_n5x.c | 4 +-
drivers/ddr/altera/sdram_s10.c | 4 +-
drivers/ddr/altera/sdram_soc64.c | 28 ++---
drivers/mmc/mvebu_mmc.c | 4 +-
drivers/net/mvgbe.c | 4 +-
drivers/pci/pci-uclass.c | 8 +-
drivers/usb/host/ehci-marvell.c | 4 +-
drivers/video/meson/meson_vpu.c | 8 +-
drivers/video/sunxi/sunxi_de2.c | 2 +-
drivers/video/sunxi/sunxi_display.c | 2 +-
include/asm-generic/global_data.h | 7 ++
include/asm-generic/u-boot.h | 4 -
include/configs/m53menlo.h | 4 +-
include/configs/mx53cx9020.h | 4 +-
include/configs/mx53loco.h | 4 +-
include/configs/mx53ppd.h | 4 +-
include/fdtdec.h | 23 +++-
include/init.h | 2 +-
lib/fdtdec.c | 102 +++++++--------
lib/lmb.c | 13 +-
test/cmd/bdinfo.c | 7 +-
167 files changed, 802 insertions(+), 756 deletions(-)
--
2.53.0
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